3 Classification of Psychiatric Disorders (2)

Kirabo Erias

The presentation introduces the concept of psychiatric syndromes and the need for pragmatic classification to aid patient care, professional communication, and research. It outlines the historical development of classification systems, comparing the DSM (American Psychiatric Association) and the ICD (World Health Organization) with their publication timelines. The material discusses the strengths and limitations of each system, including issues of usability, cultural bias, and the potential for over- or under‑diagnosis. It also highlights the impact of classification on stigma and treatment decisions. References to scholarly critiques of DSM‑5 and ICD‑11 are provided.