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Fernando G. Zampieri, MD, PhD; Sean M. Bagshaw, MD, MSc; Matthew W. Semler, MD, MSc
Approximately 20% to 30% of patients admitted to an intensive care unit have sepsis. Fluid therapy is a crucial component of treatment, beginning in the emergency department and continuing in the ICU. The review outlines four overlapping phases of fluid therapy: resuscitation, optimization, stabilization, and evacuation. It also evaluates recent clinical trials that assess the effectiveness of goal-directed therapy versus unstructured clinical care in improving mortality rates among sepsis patients.
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