Late Pregnancy Hemorrhage Presentation(2) (1)

Kibudde Fahadi; Ssenyunja Rogers; Dr. Nakabembe E

Antepartum hemorrhage is defined as vaginal bleeding after 20 weeks gestation up to the second stage of labor. The main causes are placental abruption, placenta previa, and other less common etiologies, accounting for roughly two thirds of cases. Clinical presentation varies with the type of hemorrhage (revealed, concealed, or mixed) and may include painful bleeding, uterine tenderness, and reduced fetal movements. Assessment includes careful abdominal palpation, speculum examination, and ultrasound to locate the placenta before digital examination. The document also outlines maternal and fetal complications, local cervical causes, and references key obstetrics textbooks.