MILITARY TUBERCULOSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND COMPLICATIONS

The 940 Lanzhou Pulmonary Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China

Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially fatal condition resulting from the dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through the lymphatic and hematogenous routes. Although it accounts for a small percentage of TB cases in immunocompetent adults, it has a high mortality rate exceeding 30%. The review synthesizes current evidence from peer-reviewed studies to highlight key risk factors, clinical presentations, and complications associated with miliary TB, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment.