transportacrosscellmembrane-180928132504

msrmc

The slides introduce the lipid bilayer's selective permeability and describe how lipid‑soluble substances diffuse freely while ions and polar molecules require protein channels. It details passive transport mechanisms such as simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, and contrasts them with energy‑requiring active transport, both primary and secondary. Vesicular transport, including endocytosis, exocytosis, and transcytosis, is explained with examples. The role of the Na⁺‑K⁺ pump and its regulation by hormones and drugs is highlighted, as are concepts like co‑transport and proton pumps. The deck concludes with applications such as Fick’s law of diffusion and physiological examples.