MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PATHOGENESIS, DRUG RESISTANCE, CURRENT TREATMENT AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Sharda School of Bioscience and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

Tuberculosis (TB) accounted for almost 1.2 million deaths in 2024 and remains a leading cause of mortality due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite advancements in vaccines and antibiotics, TB continues to be a global health challenge due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. This review discusses the pathogenesis of TB, mechanisms of drug resistance, and explores new therapeutic options that could potentially combat resistant strains of the bacteria.