A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO IN-HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT OF NEW-ONSET REFRACTORY STATUS EPILEPTICUS/FEBRILE INFECTION RELATED EPILEPSY SYNDROME

Zubeda Sheikh, Lawrence J. Hirsch

New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is characterized by the sudden onset of refractory seizures in patients without prior epilepsy or neurological disorders. Febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a specific type of NORSE that follows a febrile illness. The document outlines diagnostic approaches, including extensive testing and imaging, and emphasizes the need for early immunotherapy within 72 hours of onset. It also discusses treatment strategies for managing seizures and the potential need for brain biopsy in certain cases.