CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, TREATMENT, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Circulation Research

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke with high morbidity and mortality. The incidence of hemorrhagic stroke has increased worldwide over the past 40 years, with shifts in the cause over time as hypertension management has improved and anticoagulant use has increased. This article discusses the complex interactions involved in ICH, including edema, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and reviews current treatment strategies and ongoing research into novel approaches for ICH management.